Bordeaux: What does First Growth and Second Growth mean?

Have you ever wondered why some Bordeaux wines seem to carry more prestige (and a heftier price tag) than others? A lot of this has to do with the terms "First Growth" and "Second Growth." These classifications aren't just fancy labels; they have historical significance and are a nod to the quality and heritage of the wines. Let's unwrap these terms to help you understand what they really mean and why they matter when you're selecting a Bordeaux wine.

What are "First Growth" and "Second Growth"?

Back in 1855, Napoleon III decided that Bordeaux needed a system to showcase its best wines at the Exposition Universelle de Paris. This was not just a bit of fancy French flair; it was marketing genius! This system ranked the wines from Bordeaux based on a château's reputation and trading price, which at that time, were considered reflective of quality.

First Growth (Premier Cru)

The crème de la crème of Bordeaux wines are labeled as First Growth. These wines come from estates that were classified at the top tier in the 1855 classification. There are only five châteaux that hold this prestigious title:

• Château Lafite Rothschild

• Château Margaux

• Château Latour

• Château Haut-Brion

• Château Mouton Rothschild (elevated in 1973)

These wines are synonymous with exceptional quality, a rich history, and significant aging potential. They are often seen as investment pieces and hold great allure in auctions and among collectors. The allure comes not just from their quality but also from their historical significance and the stringent standards they maintain.

Second Growth (Deuxième Cru)

The Second Growth wines, though ranked just below the First Growths, are still among the elite. These include twenty châteaux like Château Rauzan-Ségla in Margaux and Château Montrose in Saint-Estèphe. While they might not command the same immediate recognition or stratospheric pricing as the First Growths, these wines are still highly esteemed for their quality and tradition. They represent a slightly more accessible entry point into high-end Bordeaux wines without compromising on the luxury experience.

Why Does This Matter?

Understanding these classifications helps when selecting a wine, particularly if you're looking for a bottle that embodies tradition, excellence, and investment potential. For businesses and connoisseurs, knowing the difference between a First and a Second Growth can influence purchasing decisions, especially for corporate gifts or impressive additions to a wine collection.

In Summary

First and Second Growth classifications are not just labels; they are a testament to centuries-old traditions that continue to define and shape the Bordeaux wine industry. Whether you are hosting a special client event or planning a sophisticated business dinner, choosing a wine from one of these classifications guarantees a touch of class and history that is sure to impress any discerning guest or wine enthusiast.

Next time you find yourself perusing the wine list or shopping for that perfect bottle, remember these classifications and what they signify about the heritage and quality of Bordeaux wines.

It's not just about drinking wine; it's about experiencing a piece of history.